In North Africa, only British Hospital Ships were involved at first, as no American Hospital Ships were yet available, and transfer from shore to ship, was handled with help of LSTs. During an operation at Leyte on December 3rd, 1944, Hope came under attack by a Japanese torpedo plane. Sure enough, the Web does have a reference to the concrete oil barges: Concrete Ship Constructors of National City with photo. 36th Evacuation Hospital, at Palo, Leyte, Philippines, October 44. Continued deliberations, additional requirements, lack of decisions, took their toll, and not much happened. During the Invasion of Sicily, both the ‘USAHS Acadia’ and ‘USAHS Seminole’ were on call, with additional support from British Hospital Ships and Carriers, while evacuation from the beaches was again handled by LST. 1988. Commissioned 5 May 44 – US Navy Hospital Ship AH-6 ‘USS Comfort’, ex-C 1-B freighter hull, built 1943 – 15 knots – 400 patients – San Pedro > Australia 21 Jun 44 – 205th Med Hosp Ship Co (decommissioned 19 Apr 46). In the foreground is the destroyer HMS Wessex. She is seen here moored amidst the target fleet at Bikini Atoll 13 July 1946. As a hospital ship, Refuge served in both the Atlantic and Pacific, joining the Service Force, 7th Fleet sailing between the Philippines, China, and Saipan. A US Hospital Ship arrives at Charleston, South Carolina, with a load of patients evacuated from overseas Theaters. Standard displacement was largely a creation of the naval disarmament treaties, since it was the measure used to determine if a warship was within the negotiated tonnage limits. During World War II, two dozen hospital ships were sunk by enemy fire, and a critical hospital ship sustained a damaging attack in the war’s waning weeks. 15 more would sail for overseas in 1944, and another 6 would join the Hospital fleet in the first half of 1945; additional planning had contemplated the building of 13 additional ships by 31 December 1943, and 6 more by December 1944, unfortunately the timeframe was never met! The Japanese declared these ships as hospital ships in accordance with the Geneva Convention. 10 December 1941. 11 Dec 44 – WDGO 19 dated 24 Mar 45, US Army Hospital Ship ‘USAHS Ernestine Koranda’, ex-Dorothy Luckenbach, built 1919 (former cargo ship) – 12 knots – 722 patients – New York > United Kingdom 13 Apr 45 – named after Army Nurse (decommissioned 9 Oct 46) At the end of June 1945, a total of 481 Commissioned Officers, 29 Warrant Officers, 1,112 Nurses, and 4,351 Enlisted Men were assigned to Medical Hospital Ship Complements. As more fixed hospital beds became available with the fall of Marseille and Toulon, evacuation out of France became less necessary. Defeat of Force Z. National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, Hawaii Locals First To Return to Pearl Harbor. At the end of 1944, the WD decided to convert to ship into a Hospital Ship. They offered maximum safety, comfort, and medical care, and moreover they were protected by the Geneva Convention! The casualties that were not, or could not be evacuated by LST, crossed the Channel on 4 British Hospital Carriers, i.e. The USS Comfort (AH-6), an American hospital ship with beds for 700 patients, left Okinawa for Guam with a full load of wounded patients at 3:55 p.m. on April 28, 1945. Prescriptions, balance, mortar and pestle, graduates, pharmacy, centrifuge, microscope, incubator, refrigerator, dental equipment, laboratory equipment, typewriters, safes, tables, chairs, washing machines, laundry equipment, medical library, drugs, dressings, linen, pajamas, food trays, hot plates, ward cases, bed cradles, medicine cabinets, were all available, except motor vehicles. WWII shipwreck, SS Sagaing, resurfaced. Transfers from shore took place by landing craft to the carriers’ own small ‘water’ ambulances (small landing craft). Visits to Hospitals The Okinawa Operation Hospital Center at Tinian Notes and Formal Reports Central Pacific Area Consultation in Orthopedic Surgery . AH-5 Solace, converted passenger vessel, 450-bed Hospital Ship operated by the Navy, at anchor. Founded in 1995, Pacific Wrecks has been serving the world as an online resource for twenty-five years and a non-profit charity for twelve years. (following Hospital Ship Platoons have been identified: 1st – 2d – 3d – 4th – 5th – 6th – 7th – 8th – 9th – 10th – 11th – 15th – 16th – 23d – 26th – 27th – 28th – 29th – 30th – 31st – 32d – 33d – 34th – 35th – 36th – 37th – 38th – 40th – 451st – 452d – 453d – 454th – 466th – 468th – 481st – 485th – 487th – 504th – 506th – 511th – 512th – 520th – 521st – 524th – 528th – 531st – 532d – 533d – 534th – 537th – 539th – 540th – 541st – 542d – 543d – 544th – 546th – 547th – 548th – 549th – 550th – 553d – 554th – 556th – 557th – 558th – 559th – 560th – 562d – 564th – 565th – 568th – 571st – 573d – 576th – 578th – 581st – 584th – 585th – 593d – 597th – 598th – 599th – 601st – 606th – 608th – 609th – 618th – 619th – 620th – 621st – 622d – 623d – 624th – 627th – 630th – 642d – 643d –644th – 647th – 648th – 650th – 663d – 664th – 674th – 675th – 681st – 690th – 697th – 704th – 710th – 712th – 716th – 719th – 733d – 738th – 739th – 748th – 759th – 778th – 785th – 788th – 808th – 821st – 824th – 830th – 832d – 848th – 872d – 874th – 882d – 885th – 905th – 920th – 923d – 926th – 927th – 930th – 975th – 987th). Memoir, African-American nurse in Pacific 268th SH. Ships Home. The ships were safer from enemy attacks; they were heated inside and provided with bunks, and the necessary operating rooms and personnel for handling medical ands surgical cases. Hospital Ships of World War II: An Illustrated Reference, Emory A. Massman, McFarland & Company, Inc. Commissioned 28 Dec 20 – US Navy Hospital Ship AH-1 ‘USS Relief’, designed and built in 1918 as a Hospital Ship – 15 knots – 500 patients – Casco Bay > Pacific 23 Nov 1941 (served for more than 20 years as US Navy Hospital ship, decommissioned 11 Jun 46) 18 Feb 44 – WDGO 26 dated 30 Mar 44, US Army Hospital Ship ‘USAHS Larkspur’, ex-Bridgeport, built 1901 (former troopship) – 10 knots – 592 patients – Charleston > United Kingdom 31 Aug 44 – 209th Med Hosp Ship Co (decommissioned 11 Feb 46) The Pearl Harbor Visitors Bureau is not affiliated, associated, authorized, endorsed by, or in any way officially connected with the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center, World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument, National Park Service, or U.S. Department of the Interior. Commissioned 1 March 44 – US Navy Hospital Ship AH-10 ‘USS Samaritan’, ex-Chaumont, built 1920 (former troopship) – 14 ½ knots – 394 patients – Seattle > Pacific 8 Mar 44 (decommissioned 29 Aug 46) The SS Sagaing was a British passenger and cargo ship that sank off the coast of Sri Lanka in 1942. These units provided medical care for patients being evacuated on regular cargo or transport ships on their return trip to their Port of Embarkation/Debarkation, and were in fact supplementary to the permanently assigned medical personnel on board of the transport vessel. As a result of these problems, the Joint Chiefs of Staff decided to procure only 3 Army Hospital Ships (General Dwight D. Eisenhower initially had requested 5 ships by April 43). The ship was converted for use in the Pacific Theatre, but not before the war ended. Required fields are marked *. Once aboard the Hospital Carrier, litter cases had to be manhandled from top deck down ladders and narrow passages and transferred from stretchers to bunks, not an easy operation. Note: another Hospital Ship was the ‘USAHS Howard A. McCurdy’ (named after the first DC Officer killed in this war –ed), ex-President Tyler, built in 1920, and converted in Boston, Massachusetts. From rusting ships in lush green jungle to tanks in crystal clear ocean: Amazing aerial photos show WWII wrecks in watery graves off remote Pacific Ocean tropical islands For the next two years, Bountiful operated out of Honolulu and sailed to Saipan, the Marianas Islands, Yokosuka, Japan, and eventually assisted with the Iwo Jima invasion. 41 dated 23 May 45. U.S. Army Hospital Ship (USAHS) Charles A. Stafford, a converted transport, was in service as a hospital ship after its conversion in September 1944. 27-28 February 1942. Fifty-four out of 103 LSTs were converted to accommodate casualties (capacity 144 + 150 litter patients + 100/150 walking wounded). HMS King George V can be seen berthed at the Finger Wharf in the background. AT-64 Navajo. Pacific. As they were armed, they were not protected by the Geneva Convention. As stated before, the problem was that in mid-1942, Hospital Ships simply did not exist! USAHS St. Olaf, at berth, somwhere in Britain. The design dated to November 1941, when a British delegation to the United States asked for 200 ships and 400 craft capable of bringing tanks ashore. Meanwhile the front moved too rapidly for medical supply to keep pace, and air evacuation brought a partial solution. They represented a total accommodation for 16,755 hospital patients. 29 Nov 43 – WDGO 1 dated 4 Jan 44, US Army Hospital Ship ‘USAHS Thistle’ ex-Munargo, built 1921 (former East coast passenger ship) – 14 knots – 455 patients – New York > N. Africa 8 Apr 44 – 206th Med Hosp Ship Co (decommissioned 25 Jan 46) 7 Dec 1941 - 31 Dec 1946 was 4,183,466 (390,037 officers and 3,793,429 enlisted) 3. You may quote material on this web page as long as you cite American Merchant Marine at War, www.usmm.org, as the source. He married the love of his life Joan A. Edit source History Talk (0) Comments Share. Notes: 12 miles outside Pearl Harbor entrance. It was briefly put into operation for a transatlantic crossing to Algeria (North Africa) course of April 1944, and made two more trips to Europe, traveling to Belfast and Liverpool in June and July 1944. North Africa, Italy, 66 th SH, 15 EH. Cross-Channel evacuation looked impossible to improve, and sea evacuation to the United States was reaching its maximum capacity. Commissioned in … The ship participated in many of the Pacific campaigns during World War 2. Some were assigned to naval hospitals aboard ships and were eventually given permission to travel off ship to pick up the wounded. After 5 long trips which took her from New York to Southampton and Cherbourg, the ship was taken out of service and decommissioned on 7 Jan 46. Commissioned into service on August 7th, 1944, USS Mercy was the third of the Comfort-class of hospital ships. White-hulled and Red Cross-marked hospital ships were used in World War II to transport large numbers of wounded or sick patients to higher echelons of medical care. USS Mercy was decommissioned and transferred to the Army before being struck from the Naval Vessel Register on September 25th, 1946. (State Library of Victoria) Operations. Furthermore, because of the large number of German casualties and the inevitable language barrier, 2 German Army Medical Officers assisted by 100 / 120 German medical orderlies and personnel were on temporary duty at the 56th Station Hospital. But the worst of being in the water was will you be dinner or lunch. Read more: https://www.med-dept.com/articles/ww2-hospital-ships/. The article lists major Military Hospitals active during the Asia-Pacific War which were part of the following Theater Commands such as: United States Army … Consequently, four Royal Navy carriers joined Spruance’s Fifth Fleet as Task Force Fifty-Seven. In 1943, she was decommissioned as a transport ship and converted to a hospital ship, under the name USS Bountiful. The Battle of Okinawa was her last taste of war before she was decommissioned on June 25th, 1946 and sold for scrap in January of 1948. The HS Awa Maru was … An amended T/O 8-534 was introduced in 1944, allowing for separate Medical Hospital Ship Platoons consisting of 25, 50, 75, 100, 250, and 500-bed units, with manpower strength varying from approximately 1 Officer & 4 EM (25-bed unit) to 6 Officers & 45 EM (500-bed unit). They operated with British crews under the British Ministry of Transportation, and in 3 cases, with US Army medical complements on board (some were increased by adding extra personnel from the Auxiliary Surgical Teams and Hospital Trains). The ship was returned to the Italian Government late 1946. Most of the records date between 1941 and 1946. Since there were not enough ships to carry all the wounded, American and British authorities negotiated and secured a total of 7 Hospital Carriers and 2 Hospital Ships for the cross-Channel run. Pacific Fleet Service Force Galvanic 1943/12 1944/02 - 44/04 "FORAGER" - Service Force; Task Force 17: Wake Reinforce 1941/12 Jaluit & Makin Raid Revenge Raid 3 - Lae-Salamaua x Coral Sea x Midway from 1942/08 1942/09 - 1942/10 x Santa Cruz Supporting Submarines Pacific Fleet: "FORAGER" - Supporting Submarines Pacific Fleet "STALEMATE II." Pacific Wrecks is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) charity dedicated to bringing home those Missing In Action (MIA) and leveraging new technologies in the study of past conflicts. Our work is supported by donations from viewers like you. Why Is the Bowfin Submarine at Pearl Harbor. The USS Refuge departed for Southern France in August and together with Army Hospital Ships shuttled patients from St. Tropez Bay to Naples, Italy. 19-20 February 1942 . Commissioned 7 Aug 44 – US Navy Hospital Ship AH-8 ‘USS Mercy’, ex-C 1-B freighter hull, built 1943 – 15 knots – 400 patients – San Pedro > Southwest Pacific 31 Aug 44 – 214th Med Hosp Ship Co (decommissioned 17 May 46, reactivated as Hospital Ship and transferred to US Army 20 Jun 46, struck from Naval Register 25 Sep 46) Hospital Ships were painted overall white, with large red crosses, and their hull received a broad green stripe. ), including the conventions for naming ships of the type, with further links to lists of individual ships by type and class, leading to individual pages for each ship which include description, history, and photo (where available). WW2 Military Hospitals. Regardless of the number of Hospital Ships in service, it is important to note that the greater part of patients evacuated by water to the ZI was moved by Troop Transports, i.e. Pages with broken file links, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Hospital ships, World War II casualties List of hospital ships sunk in World War II Edit The Hospital Ship unit was subdivided into a Headquarters, a group of Administrative Sections (Registrar-Supply-Chaplain-Chief Nurse-Laundry-Mess), and another group of Professional Sections (Surgical-Medical-Laboratory-Pharmacy-X-Ray-Dental-Receiving & Disposition). Use of this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms & Conditions. By 30 Jun 44, the 27th Hosp Cen had been developed, including 4 General, 2 Station, and 1 Field Hospital with an aggregate bed capacity of 3,650, which was increased to 8,930 by Oct 44, and further expanded to 9,502 by spring of 45. Commissioned 9 Aug 41 – US Navy Hospital Ship AH-5 ‘USS Solace’, ex-Iroquois, built 1926 (former passenger ship) – 18 knots – 450 patients – New York > Pacific 1 Sep 41 (was at Pearl Harbor 7 Dec 41, decommissioned 27 Mar 46) There was however a serious risk, as contrary to Hospital Ships, which WERE protected by the Geneva Convention, Troop Ships did not bear specific Geneva Convention symbols, and thus represented legitimate targets for the enemy! 21 February, Sun. Bureau of Naval Personnel. The ship was placed in reserve in February 1946, and was scrapped in February 1948. Equipment varied according to the size of the complement, and generally included basic unit equipment and 0 to 4 expansion units (based on a 100-bed capacity). 12, it was active at Omaha Beach from 7 June, and sailed for Southampton on 8 June with 150 patients) During the American Civil War (1861-1865), it continuously sailed the Mississippi River treating almost 3,000 patients from both sides. 20 Apr 44 – WDGO 47 dated 6 Jun 44, US Army Hospital Ship ‘USAHS John J. Meany’, ex-Zebulon B. Vance, built 1942 (former Liberty ship) – 11 knots – 582 patients – New York > Italy 27 Jul 44 (decommissioned 25 Jan 46) - "ZOO" Flotilla "KING II." a total numberof 88. At the end of June 1945, 332 Medical Hospital Ship Platoons were in service –ed). In the Pacific, they made runs from islands where battles were raging to secure regions where base hospitals or other facilities could provide treatment far from the danger of battle. 29 Nov 43 – WDGO 5 dated 8 Jan 44, US Army Hospital Ship ‘USAHS Château Thierry’, built 1920 (former troopship) – 16 knots – 484 patients – Boston > N. Africa 5 Mar 44 – 208th Med Hosp Ship Co (decommissioned 11 Feb 46) Launched in 1927 as the passenger ship SS Iroquois, USS Solace was acquired by the US Navy and commissioned as a hospital ship on August 9th, 1941. Hospital Carrier “Dinard”: After May 1945 (V-E Day), patients tagged for quick return home were transported to the 1st General Hospital at Paris, airlifted to the Embarkation Hospitals at Cherbourg and Marseille for return to the United States by sea. After V-J Day, Hospitals Ships which could be released from patient evacuation were to be employed as passenger vessels for repatriation of American servicemen and women, and military dependents. So if you are looking for a particular ship or unit, you will have to use the FIND function in your browser. Solace continued service throughout World War II in the Pacific. Personnel – 5 Officers, 5 Nurses, 49 Enlisted Men (this vessel had ANC Nurses on board, and was active at Utah Beach from 7 June onward, it sailed for Southampton on 9 June with 450 patients) Displacement. XIII. Local Commanders of the different Service Commands, staffed and operated the Hospital Cars and Ambulances, used for removal of patients from ports of entry and transportation to the ZI Hospitals. Edit. Each ship's hospital was composed of 65 beds, a surgical suite, and X-Ray faciliti… 3 Feb 44 – WDGO 40 dated 17 May 44, US Army Hospital Ship ’USAHS Dogwood‘ ex-George W. Carver, built 1943 (former Liberty ship) – 11 knots – 592 patients – New York > United Kingdom 21 Jul 44 – 218th Med Hosp Ship Co (decommissioned 25 Jan 46) 97% in 1943 – 75% in 1944 – 74% in 1945. The US Navy operated 3 so-called Ambulance/Evacuation Transports. National Archives Identifier: 305206 Title: State Summary of War Casualties from World War II for Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard Personnel from Michigan, 1946 Creator: Department of the Navy. This particular issue authorized a total strength of 14 Officers – 1 Warrant Officer – 34 Nurses – and 135 Enlisted Men. 4 February 1942. On 7 December 1943, a new version T/O & E 8-537T was published and redesignated Medical Hospital Ship Complement. The USS Comfort, AH-6 (21 Jun 44 – 19 Apr 46) arrives at Hollandia, New Guinea, Dec 44. USS Refuge was decommissioned on April 2nd, 1946 and sold for scrap on February 2nd, 1948. We have received some updates from a blog post written in July 2012. During World War II, 27 hospital ships were in operation for the evacuation of U.S. Army casualties. In June 1804, a small vessel, in fact a 6-foot ketch named ‘Intrepid’ was fitted as a floating Hospital to receive sick and wounded for medical treatment. Later, a separate Table of Organization was introduced to cover the Medical Ambulance Ship Company. In the early morning darkness of 14 May 1943, the hospital ship Centaur was sunk by the Japanese submarine I-177 off the coast of Moreton Bay, 80 kilometres north-east of Brisbane, going down in 3 minutes. The request was refused by the Bureau of the Budget, on grounds that the Maritime Commission should procure the vessels from its own funds, and stating that such ships came under the cognizance of the Navy (there was also a critical shipping shortage after the Pearl Harbor attack and other priorities)! John joined the aircraft carrier Formidable which was attacked by a kamikaze plane May 1945 that crashed on the deck of the ship. 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