[17] Abhiman Singh Basnyat of Basnyat dynasty and Damodar Pande of Pande dynasty were both members of Chhetri caste. In Nepal, people of different castes wear different sorts of jewellery and dresses of Nepal which are unique to themselves and differ from the other castes to distinguish themselves. Nearly, only one Chief of Army Staff (Chhatraman Singh Gurung) belonged to Non-Chhetri/Thakuri caste. Nepal Profile. The fact is that a vast majority of the Khas have never been Hinduised, let alone 'Chhetri-ised'. He symbolizes the Ursa Major or the Great bear along with the seven stars surrounding it. Often the relationship is with a person from another village and usually the parents use the intermediary. It includes the Seven sages- Saptarishis including Atri, Kashyapa, Vishwamitra, Vashista, Jamadagni, Bharadvaja, Gautama, and Agastya. Offerings are made to these spirits in order to appease them. Then the mans special relationship with his ideals is raised, a special place in this mandala also has three species of animals associated with man a cow, a dog and a crow. Pandes were supported by Basnyats due to blood relations. [3][4] Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later unified Kingdom of Nepal). 4. Many Chhetrich serve in the Nepalese army or in the Gorkh brigades of the Indian or British army. (Brahmin/Chhetri) and 40% among Dalits [11]. This form of Masto worship among the Khasas is apparently not related to any Vedic scriptures and tradition of the Gangetic plains of India, and seems more closer to pre-Buddhist Shamanistic Bon practice of Tibet. Boys usually tend to the animals. Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. When they are about eight years old, the children begin doing domestic chores. - Evangelicals have a significant presence. Most surnames in Atri Gotra includes Arjel/ Arjyal, Bhatta, Chapagain, Khatiwoda, Ojha, Wosti, Gotama, Bam (Rakse Thakuri), Mishra, Adhikari. Industrial products or handicrafts needed for everyday use they buy from the lower service castes smiths and metallurgists, goldsmiths, tailors, tanners. Identification. This custom was traditionally only prevalent in the three Indo Aryan societies of the Khas, Madhesi, and Newars. Series of Aryan migration to Kathmandu led to increased population and formation of a complex urban and caste-based society. [11] Hence, the present Newar society's foundation firmly stands on this restructuring by Malla as Newar society continues to comprise the 4 varna and 64 different caste groups which were hierarchically allotted in Jayasthiti Malla's time according to the classical and religious Hindu scriptures like the Manusmriti. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. Kaushik is a popular patri-clan for the Brahmin and Kshatriya. Nepalese boys may have their middle names like Prasad, Bahadur, Maan, Kumar, Ratna, Mani, etc. Terai occupational castes Dhobi, Halkhor, Chamar, Dushad, Dom, Musahars, etc. The caste system conjoints a structural class divide which persists, in which lower castes/ethnicities are generally socio-economically are not equal like those of higher castes/ethnicities. Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris. [34] The European Union has been accused of direct interference, creating ethnic strife and negative discrimination towards Khas Arya due to their recommendation to remove the reservation for Khas Aryas.[35][34]. Today, they are proportionately distributed in almost all the parts of Nepal. It is said that the great king of Nepal Prithibhi Narayan Shah(1723-75) went to Banaras, India and changed his Gotra from 'Bharadwaj' to 'Kasyap' to remain free from the sin of 'Gotra Hatya'(killing of own clan) during unification of Nepal. Christianity is looked at as the "foreigners" religion. Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. Note that it is not always true- there are few exceptions. They live in small rural settlements that are situated near rivers or springs. Human Resources Development Research Center, Kathmandu. Gotra came into existence from the great Sapta Rishi and their offsprings. A surname is the family name passed down from generation to generation. , Transliteration: Maawali ko thar jogaunu, Budamaawaliko ghar jogaunu. "Gautamavajra Vajrcrya, "Recently Discovered Inscriptions of Licchavi Nepal", "Caste ethnic and regional identity in Nepal: Further analysis of the 2006 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey", "How discriminatory was the first Muluki Ain against Dalits? Gandhi arrived in Durban, Natal (now kwaZulu-Natal) Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. Then many sacrificial rituals are performed, animal sacrifices are also made, people feast and visit their close and distant relatives. [8] This restructuring was a result of over a millennia of newer Aryan immigrants from the plains since the time of the Lichchavis. Caste System: Theories and Practices in Nepal. They often opposed each other. The Facility will support two components: Component A and Component B. There are a few things that are a trade secret of your castes. The term "gotra" refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. Objects owned by the deceased are donated to the priest who led the ceremony. Blanks mean an unknown value. Garga is another excellent sage in Hindu mythology. Between India & Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. In the times of unification of Nepal, Kshetris were more rigid to worship of ferocious forms of Godess Kali and Lord Shiva. Joshua Project makes every effort to ensure that the subject in an image is in fact from the specific people group. [30], Chhetri together with Bahun and thakuri falls under Khas Arya, who are denied quota and reservations in civil services and other sectors due to their history of socio-political dominance in Nepal. Some of the biggest ethnicities are the Brahmin-Chhetri, Magars and Newars. It is important here who is older, whos younger. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. Thapa is an ancient Paikela (warrior) rank in the medieval Khasa Kingdom of Western Nepal. People believe he named God Krishna. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. Tools. For further queries follow Tips Nepal and show some love. ethnic identity, or the caste system in Nepal. Everyone works on the field, but the woman spends more time during the day on housework and in the field. Brahmin/Bahun: Adhikari. Surnames in Mandabya gotra include Panthi, Bajgai, Gyawali, Maskey, Katuwal, Bajhai. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The mother tongue of these groups is Kumaoni, Nepali and its dialects like Baitadeli and Doteli. The most important part of the ceremony is kanyadan, the ritual of handing the bride over to the bridegroom in the hands of the groom. Table 2.2 Main Nepal Caste and Ethnic Groups with Regional Divisions and Social Groups (from 2001 Census) 3 Table 4.1 Wealth Quintiles 6 Table 4.2 Household Facilities 7 Table 4.3 Antenatal Care 11 Table 4.4 Early Childhood Mortality Rates 15 Table 4.5 Women's Participation in Decision making by Caste/Ethnicity and Regional Identify 28 . Answer (1 of 5): Bhandari is the titled surname given to those who were treasurer or store keepers in Nepal. Houses are usually made of mud-brick with thatch or tin roofs. Chhetris, who look like the Brahmins also have an Indo-Aryan origin, have been traditionally classified as warriors and administrators. of them were women, and 44% were the Brahmins and Chhetri caste. This is connected with a few basic concepts in the Hindu religion: the first is dharma, meaning that everyone takes their place in the caste group, has a moral code and a code of conduct binding to him. Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya The man is responsible for the plowing and proper maintenance of the terraces. Madhusudan Subedi. The Sage Atreya is the person behind Atreya Gotra. They have become major decision makers in the bureaucracy of Nepal has become crystal clear. Chhetri is Nepalese local colloquial term for Kshatriya. They are Khas Chhetri, Brahmin and Newar Kshatriya. January 19, 2022 . Bhadrakali, a popular form of Goddess Kali, is the main deity of the Nepalese Army (previously Gorkhali Army) due to prevalence of Kshetri commanders. Often, however, also unrelated persons, including strangers, are entitled to the same terms. This is a rather good thing as the caste-specific rituals and traditions will be enjoyed by all, and be spread all over Nepal. Kshatriya caste of patrilineal Khas-Aryan descent, "Kshetriya" redirects here. Gurung, H. (2005). Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. Kshetris celebrate many Hindu festivals like Dashain (Dussehra), Tihar (Deepawali), Maghe Sankranti, Janai Purnima, Holi, etc. On the tenth day of Dashain there is a ritual in which every Hindu devotee expresses his respect for the elderly in his family and receives from them in response a colorful tikka on his forehead as a sign of blessing. Before we delve into the list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal, lets find out what each term means in Hindu culture. Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). 38,193. We even met the owners of a butcher shop which is the domain of the lower caste declare belonging to a brahmana caste. " , ": Sewn with hundreds of flowers into one garland called Nepali. Kathmandu consists largest Kshetri population.[7]. They donot practice maternal cousin marriages as Thakuri caste which is the basis of cultural distinction. The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. [5]Kunwars claimed royalty and changed their surname to Rana (meaning: King) from Kunwar (meaning: Prince). Iijima, Shigeru. Dashain and Tihar are primary festivals of Pahadi Hindu castes. marrying others' wife, is not allowed. In 1963, Legal Code was replaced by New 1964 Legal Code. Of these, 99.9% spoke Nepali and 0.1% other languages as their first language. These twenty four districts are - Dhankuta district, Sankhuwasabha district, Okhaldhunga district, Udayapur district, Ramechhap district, Dolakha District, Salyan district, Surkhet district, Dailekh district, Jajarkot district, Dolpa district, Jumla district, Mugu district, Humla district, Bajura district, Bajhang district, Achham district, Doti district, Kailali district, Dadeldhura district, Baitadi district, Darchula district, Kalikot district and Kanchanpur district. gelal caste in nepal gelal caste in nepal (No Ratings Yet) . Many Kshetris triennially celebrate clanwise Masto deity worship called Dewali Puja. Nepal is a landlocked, mountainous country located between India and Tibet. [14], The most prominent feature of Nepalese Chhetri society has been the ruling Shah dynasty (17682008)[note 1], the Rana Prime Ministers (18461953), Pande family, Thapa family, Basnyat family,. Chhetri . If these major three communities (upper-caste Khas (Bahun & Chhetri) and upper-caste Newars (Shresthas) or the 'BCN' combine their shares in the Government of Nepal, civil service employment is 89.2% in 1991. km, stretching 800 km from east to west and from 90 to 230 km north to south. Among those 73.8% in higher education belong to the BCN, 22.0% Janajatis and 2.9% Dalit.[21]. - Few evangelicals, but significant number who identify as Christians. They are recognized for their bravery and administrative skills. They are excluded from and considered ritually unclean by the other classes of Hindus. New believers are considered off limits - the caste you do not mix with. In urban areas, both castes have the privilege to serve government, political and financial industries. To find your choice, press Control+F and type the surname to see which caste/community/ethnic group and sub-caste/clan it falls under. Brahmans are known in Nepali as "Bahuns." There are many rites of passage for children, such as the first rice feeding and the first haircut. [10] It also solidified the supremacy of Kanyakubja Brahmin descendants like the Rajopadhyaya Brahmins over other priests like Maithil Brahmins. However, foreign missionaries found it difficult to evangelize because of the strict government laws and scrutiny of foreigners. Jaari marriage i.e. Gotra means subdivisions of the castes represent more close relations of family. Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. We welcome. The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. The Dalits who constitute 12.8 percent of the total population of the country have no representation in the higher echelons of power' (Gurung, H. 2006). [24], Chhetri had dominated high military positions and monopolized the military force at the times of Chhetri autocratic administrators like PM Bhimsen Thapa and PM Jung Bahadur Rana. People on the Indian Uttarakhand side claimed the Rajput caste while the same Khas people in Farwest and rest of Nepal claimed Chhetri caste. Nepal's caste system was and continues to be quite complex. For now lets just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. Dont Tell Your Nwaran Name, KEEP IT SECRET, 60 Flowers Names in Nepali; What Does it Symbolize, 43 Different Authentic Nepali Spices Name In English. Lixoti Few Kshetri clans give male buffalo sacrifices on Maha Ashtami day. The village affairs are managed by a formally or informally formed council of elders, in which Brahmini and Chhetri often play a significant role due to the status of landowners and relatively high education. Marriage among Sagotri people remains unacceptable to date. People with the same Gotra are Sagotri in Hindu society. Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later . They are categorized by family deity and single gotra. There are also a number of larger towns where the important temples or monasteries are located. In traditional and administrative professions, Chhetris were given favorable treatment by the royal government. They have played a more dominant role than have any other group in the formation of the modern Nepalese state. [16] Swarup Singh Karki, a leading politician and military officer, belonged to Chhetri family. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced [tsetri]; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. [32] As per the explanation of legal provisions of Constitution of Nepal, Khas Arya comprises the Brahmin, Kshetri, Thakur and Sanyasi (Dashnami) communities. Magar Thapa are member of Tibeto-Burmese ethno-linguistic society whose language, culture and background is Tibeto-Burmese. Hindu houses are illuminated with a multitude of lamps both from the outside and inside and illuminate with light throughout the night. Nepal opened its borders in 1951. During the next year, the shraddha ceremony, which must be carried out by the son of the deceased, is celebrated. Much of the previously animist/tribal Khas population of the western Nepal region acquired the 'Chhetri' status in the 1850s with the proclamation by the Rana Prime Minister Jung . In Nepal, the Brahmin caste is traditionally considered to be one of the four main castes, along with Chhetri, Vaishya, and Sudra. He created the Gayatri Mantra. For military and ruling class in Hinduism, see. Brahmins: The word Brahmin translates to "Supreme Self" or the first of the gods. After all Castes and surnames are Just a form of Identification. So, to make this matter convenient, here we have come up with the lists of castes and their respective sub-castes which will make you crystal clear about the castes-related facts. It is a form of millennium old ancient worship continued till date. Khas Chhetri: 16.6: 2: Hill Brahmin/Bahun: 12.18: 3: Magar: 7.12: 4: Tharu: 6.56: Why was caste system created in Nepal? People from Vishwamitra/ Kaushika gotra use this word as a surname too. One of the most important Hindu festivals is the October Dashain or Durga Puja when the magnificence of Durga Kali in its ten-armed form is celebrated for two weeks. In this process the left outs were oppressed class (Dalits), women, the poorest of the poor, powerless and the second class citizen and indigenous nationalities (Adivasi Janajatis). Gharti Chhetri Name Meaning. A priest from the boys family consults the girls family to establish a favorable date for the ceremony based on the lunar calendar. Now, they usually marry later, but still do not begin living with their husbands until they have matured. Patan Academy of Health Sciences. Chhetri and Newar (BCN) clearly suggests a need for empirical research (Das and Hatlebakk, 2010). These values were seen as a potent instrument of Rana political repression. . Brahmin girls were traditionally married at the age of 11, and Chhetrich girls a few years later. The Newar have a wide range of occupations. Many of the modern surnames in the dictionary can be traced back to Britain and Ireland. Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later unified Kingdom of Nepal ). There were 12 Basnyats, 16 Pandes, 6 Thapas and 3 Kunwar officers totalling to 51 Chhetri officers in the year 1841 A.D.[19] The most prominent officers at Shah administration were the Kazis which had control over civil and military functions like a Minister and Military officer combined. In terms of ethnicity/caste, 48.4% were Chhetri, 11.5% Kami, 11.4% Hill Brahmin, 7.3% Damai/Dholi, . In terms of earning/income generation, Newars have the highest per capita income of Rs. Kshetris has second highest civil service representation with 19.59% of Nepal's bureaucracy after Bahuns while having 16% of Nepal's total population. As the Shah rulers conquered more territories and people, the concept of caste hierarchy more firmly applied as an organizing principle to consolidate diverse people under their authority. Master list of ALL Nepali Surnames/Clans (2023) - lixoti.com . Her status will be raised when she gives birth to a child, especially when she gives birth to a son. The groom should be several years older than the bride. Girls help care for the younger children, carry food for the animals, and haul water. Similarly, the Janajati has 32.0% (excluding Newars) of the total population of the country, has representation of 7.1%. The above verse explains the duties, characters and behaviours of Kshatriya warrior. What caste does it fall into? Gangalal Shrestha (1919-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. They are Saptarishis (, the famous 7 sages) - Kashyapa, Atri, Vashista, Vishwamitra, Gautama, Jamadagni, Bharadvaja, and the 8th is Agastya [1][2].There are 49 established Hindu gotras today[3] all of which are themselves or evolved from . [31] There are no quotas for the Khas community who fall under Bahun-Chhetri-thakuri hierarchy. 150. Even if death takes place elsewhere, within a few hours the body is cremated on the river and the ashes of the body of the deceased are thrown into it. Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. List of Tables Table A: changes in the caste/ethnic population between the census 2011 and census 2001 Table 1.1: Proportion of population by caste and ethnic group, nepal, 2010/11 Table 2: poverty groups by ethnic/caste groups, nepal, 2010/11 Table 3: nominal per capita consumption . Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). Scripture Prayers for the Chhetri in Nepal. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. What's the largest caste/ethnicity in Nepal? Not all Khas people have accepted this status, the remaining group of Matvali Chhetris, that is, those who drink liquor and are not the heirs of the sacred legacy. Karanjit > Newar > Bha Many surnames also immediately tell those in The most disadvantaged and underprivileged caste (Dalit) of Nepal has benefitted the least from maternal health service improvements in the recent years. Prayer is the key to reaching the Nepalese with the Gospel. Dhimal Caste is an old tribal Bhumiputra who has been living in Morang, Sunsari and Jhapa in the present Terai region of Eastern Nepal since time immemorial with very close ties with land, water and forest. In the rural context, the traditional subsistence agriculture system and age-old caste structure have significantly changed, and a relationship based on wage labour on land is being developed.[25]. The villages are generally situated near rivers or springs, and the homes are connected by footpaths. _"There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. enumerators interviewed 1072 adults from 14 districts of Nepal in March and April of . On-the-ground reality may vary from what is presented here. Rajputs and Thakuris are sometimes considered as subcaste of Kshetri while they have distinct cultural difference with mainstream Kshetris. In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. Joseph on June 17, 2022. He was the oldest Vedic Rishi and the teacher of the Hindu figure Ram. The bottom portions of the houses are painted with red clay, and the top halves are whitewashed. Joshua Project occasionally adjusts profile text from third party sources. In the Dewali Puja, Kshetris of the same clan give male goat sacrifices at a particular place. Historically, the caste system justified the subjugation of lower castes, allowing upper-caste Nepalis to use their status to gain security and power. p. 6. These were adapted by Kshetri community which includes exhibition of bravery and skill, prohibition of escaping any war, giving charity and Hindu governance. People of the mountain belt wear thick and long woolen clothes called Baku and Doha. We want to know that but we give no attention to it, neither we discuss it with our parents and relatives. However, a lot still do. The population of Newars (all castes) is around 5%, but its occupancy in the civil service is more than one-third (33.2%), although vast majority of this share comes from the minority upper-caste segments of the Chathariya and Panchthariya Shrestha Newars. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. Pokhara has become a cultural confluence of more than 80 different ethnic and caste groups ( Adhikari, 2000 ). 1. Sometimes the paths meet together near a large tree that is used as a meeting place for the villagers, as well as a resting place for travelers. Dewali Puja is common among Bahuns too. It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins - Brahmans - emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. Before making travel plans based on data presented here, please confirm with other sources to the extent possible. Here are some most common Nepali surnames - Adhikari, Poudel/Paudel,Bhatttarai,Nepal,Dahal,Regmi,Khanal,Ghimire,Pokharel,Magar,Shreshtha,Gurung,Rai.